作文范文
In campus, we can always notice someone holding a board saying that he wants to employ a worker to occupy a seat in the library or study room. This kind of behavior is gaining more and more attention among students recently. The common phenomenon of seat occupying in universities reveals the problem of not having enough seats for students. With the increasing number of students entering college, the demand for facilities in universities is getting more tensed.
To begin with, the man’s behavior should not be encouraged. Public facilities should not be traded as goods for personal interests. Meanwhile, students should make their schedules more flexible. For example, they can study in dormitories to avoid wasting time on seeking seats. Last but not least, universities should supply students with more public facilities such as study rooms. It is high time that universities take some measures to find some plausible solution to this problem, for the consideration of maintaining students’ interests in study and the convenient access to campus facilities.
In conclusion, a university is the place where students get knowledge. Thus, it’s the school’s duty to make it easier for students to achieve their goals.
听力原文
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
11. M: Valentine’s Day is coming and I’m looking for a gift for my girlfriend. Do you have any suggestions?
W: Well, you have to tell me something about your girlfriend first. And your budget?
Q: What does the woman want the man to do?
12. M: What would you like for dessert? I think I’ll have ice cream and fruits.
W: The apple pie looks great. But I want to lose some weight, you could get yours.
Q: What will the woman most probably do?
13. M: The driver must have been speeding.
W: Well, not really! He crashed into the car because he was trying not to hit a cat ahead of him.
Q: What do we learn about the driver?
14. W: My hand still hurts from the fall on the ladder this morning. I wonder if I broke something.
M: I’m not sure, but it’s not bleeding or anything. Maybe you just need to rest it for a while.
Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
15. M: How about going to theater and dinner tonight with me, Jessy?
W: I’d love to. But I haven’t packed yet and my flight leaves at 4 a.m.
Q: Why didn’t Jessy accept the invitation?
16. W: We have to face the fact that it is quite hard to get fuel for the truck
M: Between you and me, I think there is a way to get over the problem
Q: What does the man mean?
17. W: Hi, Mr. Ed. I am so sorry that I fail again in your subject; I think I will never make it.
M: Please don’t give it up; I still think you will have more chances.
Q: What’s the relationship between the two speakers?
18. W: Eining has been taking five courses this term but he dropped two of them.
M: Really? I think that may be a wise choice.
Q: What does the man mean?
Long conversation 1
M: Recently, when scientists studied changes in open-ocean ecosystems, they looked at changes in the bottom of the food chain that gradually make their way to the top, like food shortages and shifts in the ocean environment. A recent study, however, suggests that more attention needs to be given to top-down influences as well.
W: Top-down influences? What does that mean?
M: Well, for example, killer whales, who live at the top of the ocean food chain, used to prey on sperm and baleen whales. When these were no longer available, the killer whales were forced to fish farther down the food chain. First they fed on seals, which were the easiest to catch and the most nutritionally valuable. Over the past few decades, there’s been a major collapse of the populations of harbor seals, fur seals, sea lions, and sea otters living on the coasts of western Alaska.
W: Sounds terrible, how does that happen?
M: Now a new study suggests that all this destruction can be traced back to humans overfishing sperm and baleen whales between 1946 and 1979. Then, when seals became rare, the killer whales turned to sea lions. When the sea lion population crashed, they started fishing sea otters. The domino effect reaches even farther. Without sea otters keeping sea urchins in check, their population has exploded. And they’ve destroyed the kelp forests, and with it, the kelp forest ecosystem in southwestern Alaska.
W: It also has effects on environment?
M: Animals switching food sources can have a very serious effect on the environment. And that we humans, as the ultimate predators, need to give a lot of thought to the choices we make. They may affect the food web in unintended ways.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Q19. What has been found in the latest research?
Q20. What did the killer whales prey on when seals become rare?
Q21. What should human do to improve ocean ecosystems?
Long conversation 2
W: Here is Lewisburg, the guide book said it is an irresistible small town in West Virginia. Each of the nine runners up has something special to offer, from the quiet, artistic enclave at La Pointe, Wis., to the scenic beaches of Astoria, Ore. You won’t find a more charming slice of small town Americana than you will right here.
M: Yes, certainly. We should say, a small town is usually lucky if there’s a decent one-screen movie theater, maybe a community dance troupe. But a Carnegie Hall? This speck on the map in the Greenbrier River Valley lays claim to be one of only four in the world. And there is full of historical markers, the 1902 building now serves as Lewisburg’s creative control tower, attracting an unlikely band of artistic characters.
W: 1902? That sounds great
M: Yes, Lewisburg is one of the best preserved 19th century communities in the U.S. Miraculously most of the town is still here. On the whole, when somebody comes to Lewisburg their first reaction is ‘Oh my gosh! This looks like a movie set’ and it could be a movie set. Also, the whole town has just got placed on the National Historic Register
W: The whole town?
M: Yes, the designation as a historic district recognizes the borough for its significance as a center of commerce, education, politics & architecture. The district means, at the national level, the town of Lewisburg in its entirety is considered worth preserving.
W: WOW! I’ve always accepted it as a pretty town and people do make comments about it being a nice place, but I never thought my little hometown would be known as of for something.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Q22. Where did this conversation most probably take place?
Q23. What do we learn about Lewisburg?
Q24. What attracts people most in Lewisburg?
Q25. What does the man say about the historic district?
Section B
Passage One
There are lots of myths about cigarettes: that ‘lights’ offer protection, for one, or that filters actually filter.
Yet another myth is that cigarettes are just tobacco rolled in paper. Nothing could be further from the truth. The cigarette is a surprisingly complex artifact, as we now know from the treasure trove of documents released in the course of litigation. The tobacco archives online at legacy.library.ucsf.edu contain some 80 million pages of formerly secret industry documents, almost all of which were unavailable before the Big Tobacco trials of recent years. Access to these archives has improved over time, and all are now full-text searchable, meaning that anyone with an Internet connection can pull up all documents containing expressions such as ‘doubt is our product’ or ‘friends in Congress.’
Twenty years later, the exact formulas of cigarettes on the market remain trade secrets, but the companies now publicly disclose the chemicals they add. On their websites, Philip Morris lists more than 100 different additives, Reynolds lists 158 and Lorillard lists 137.
Global consumption of cigarettes has now reached six trillion sticks a year, which turns out to be more than 300 million miles of cigarettes–enough to make a continuous chain from the Earth to the sun and back, with enough left over for a couple of side trips to Mars. On that long journey, smokers deserve to know exactly what’s in their cigarettes, and why.
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. Which of the following is people’s misconception about cigarette?
27. What did people learn about cigarette from litigation courses?
28. What does the speaker say about smoking?
Passage two
Using tablet computers like Apple’s iPad and Samsung’s Galaxy Note just before bed can lead to a poor night’s sleep, according to research.
More and more people are taking their tablets to bed with them to surf the web, check Facebook or email before switching off the light.
But researchers are warning that the bluish light their screens emit can stop users getting a good night’s sleep.
That is because this type of light mimics daylight, convincing the brain that it is still daytime.
Blue light suppresses production of a brain chemical called melatonin, which helps us fall sleep. This is because our brains have evolved to be wakeful during daylight hours.
By contrast, light which is more orange or red in tone does not suppress melatonin production, perhaps because our brains recognize it as a cue that the day is ending.
However, because mobiles and tablets are by nature portable–not to say addictive–more people are taking them into the bedroom.
Users also tend to hold them much closer to their eyes than a computer or television screen.
Researchers at the Lighting Research Centre, at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York, are warning that looking at tablet displays for more than two hours “leads to a suppression of our natural melatonin levels as the devices emit optical radiation at short wavelengths”–in other words, they emit bluer light.
They say: “Although turning off devices at night is the ultimate solution, it is recommended that if these devices are used at night displays are dimmed as much as possible and that the time spent on them before bed should be limited.”
Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. What do we learn about using tablet computers before sleep?
30. Why using a tablet before sleep can cause poor sleep?
31. What did the researchers say about the light that tablets emit?
32. What did the researchers at the Lighting Research Centre advise?
Passage three
Drinkers consume beer almost twice as quickly if it is served in a fashionable curved glass rather than a conventional straight one, a study has reported.
It took on average nearly 12 minutes for those who took part to down 12 fluid ounce of lager from a straight glass. But from a curved glass it took seven minutes. There was hardly any difference if the alcohol was replaced with a soft drink.
The researchers suggest the reason may be that it is more difficult to accurately judge the halfway point of curved glasses. As a result, people are less able to gauge how much they have drunk.
While watching a tranquil nature documentary, drinkers were invited to drink from either straight glasses or the sort of modern curved ones that have become popular in bars, clubs and some pubs. The rate at which the lager was consumed was markedly different depending on the type of glass they were using. It emerged that the participants who showed the greatest error in their judgment of where halfway was in the curved glasses tended to be those that drank the quickest from them.
The study highlights how in recent years makers of alcoholic drinks have invested in interesting branded glasses to differentiate their products. These include chalice glasses, curved beer flutes, tankards and novel curved glasses.
Angela Attwood, who led the research, said: “People often talk of pacing themselves when drinking alcohol as a means of controlling levels of drunkenness, and I think the important point to take from our research is that the ability to pace effectively may be compromised when drinking from certain types of glasses.”
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Question 33: What do we learn from this study?
Question 34: Why do people using curved glasses drink faster?
Question 35: What lesson can we draw from the study?
Section C
Euro-zone youth unemployment will remain elevated for at least the next half-decade, the International Labor Organization said Tuesday, forecasting a small reduction in the jobless rate will come from young people withdrawing from the labor market instead of stronger hiring activity.
The longer someone is out of work, the harder it is for them to get a job and the more likely they will be stuck in lower-paying or temporary positions for the rest of their working lives. Already, more young people are being pushed into part-time work contracts, unable to secure permanent alternatives.
In some case, even 10 or 15 years after the person’s entry in the labor market can he or she continue to suffer from such early adverse labor market conditions.
Temporary and long-term unemployment early in a person’s work life will have lasting effects on finding a job with the proper career related to that person’s competences and skills. Skills and labor market experience typically start to deteriorate after six months of unemployment and then at an increasing rate.
Youth unemployment is also a risk to the companies expecting to rely on their labor. Employers will face the challenge of finding workers qualified to fill vacancies, especially as the stretched-out recovery is likely to intensify the quest of young, more mobile people to seek their fortunes abroad.
Most new apprenticeship and training programs are confined to the customer services, health, and retail industries. For instance, Whitbread has pledged to fill 50% of its job openings this year with young people; mobile phone and broadband provider O2 is increasing the number of paid apprenticeships; Starbucks Corp.’s U.K. business launched a 12-month apprenticeship scheme in February; and Tesco PLC is for the first time offering a two-year training program for U.K. school leavers to join its commercial buying and merchandising teams.
答 案
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
8. taxpayers’ money 9. an orderly retreat 10.their own insurance
11.B 12. C 13. A 14.D 15. C 16. D 17.C 18. C 19. D 20. D
21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. D
31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. elevated 37. forecasting
38. withdrawing 39. Stuck 40. temporary 41. secure 42. entry 43. adverse
44. finding a job with the proper career related to that person’s competences and skills.
45. Youth unemployment is also a risk to the companies expecting to rely on their labor.
46. Most new apprenticeship and training programs are confined to the customer services, health, and retail industries.
47. J 48. C 49. N 50.A 51. H 52. B 53. L 54. D 55. F 56. O
57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B 61. B 62. C 63. B 64. A 65. D 66. C
67. B 68. C 69. B 70. B 71. A 72. B 73. D 74. B 75. C 76. A
77. C 78. C 79. D 80. A 71. A 82. A 83. A 84. C 85. B 86. D
87. hadn’t been rained for a long time
88. have been translated into multiple languages
89. not have interfered with his marriage
90. should she regard herself as an expert
91. have attracted considerable attention of the public in recent decades